From Trace Alkaloid to Schedule I Target: The Kratom and 7-OH Story
Regulatory & Scientific Insight From Trace Alkaloid to Schedule I: The Kratom and 7-OH Story Dr. Patience Fowoyo, PhD Fowoyo Scientific Consulting July 7, 2026 11 min read The Kratom & 7-OH Story How a molecule barely present in the kratom leaf was concentrated far beyond natural levels, sold in everyday consumer products, and is […]
The Evidentiary Standard That Is Reshaping Scientific Claims
Scientific Insights Regulatory Science The Evidentiary Standard That Is Reshaping Scientific Claims As regulatory bodies and market gatekeepers apply greater scrutiny to the evidence behind product claims, the gap between what businesses assert and what science can genuinely support has become a source of commercial and legal risk. Author Patience Fowoyo, PhD Published June 2025 […]
Creatine Beyond Muscle: What the Latest Clinical Trials Reveal About Brain Health, Aging, and Sleep Resilience
Ingredient Science & Claim Substantiation Creatine Beyond Muscle: What the Latest Clinical Trials Reveal About Brain Health, Aging, and Sleep Resilience Dr. Patience Fowoyo, PhD Fowoyo Scientific Consulting June 2026 12 min read Creatine Beyond Muscle Most people know creatine as a gym supplement. It has a decades-long track record of improving muscle strength and […]
How to Evaluate the Scientific Evidence Behind a Supplement Ingredient Before You Make a Claim
Scientific Evidence Claim Substantiation How to Evaluate the Scientific Evidence Behind a Supplement Ingredient Before You Make a Claim Many supplement ingredients have dozens — even hundreds — of published studies. That does not automatically mean those studies support the claims made for your product. Before relying on scientific evidence, companies need to determine whether […]
What Makes a Strong Microbiology Expert Witness — From Both Sides of the Courtroom
Legal teams often underestimate what makes scientific testimony credible and durable under cross-examination.
The Most Common Methodology Mistakes in Life Sciences Research — And How to Avoid Them
After peer-reviewed publication and years of reviewing manuscripts, these are the errors that weaken studies and delay publication.
What Antimicrobial Resistance Means for Food Safety Litigation — And Why It’s Getting More Complex
AMR is changing the landscape of foodborne illness cases. Understanding resistance mechanisms is increasingly essential for legal teams.
The Probiotic Strain Problem: Why the Species Name on Your Label Isn’t Enough
Most probiotic claims are supported by evidence at the species level — but clinical benefits are strain-specific.
Structure/Function Claims Under DSHEA: What’s Allowed, What’s Not, and Why It Matters
The line between an allowed structure/function claim and an implied disease claim is thinner than it looks — and crossing it has real consequences.
Why Most Supplement Claims Won’t Survive FDA Scrutiny — And What to Do About It
The gap between popular supplement claims and scientifically substantiated ones is wider than most brands realize. Here is what the evidence actually requires.